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norm associated oil industry
NORM Management in the oil and gas industry - ScienceDirect
2012年10月1日 An integral part of the NORM management strategy is interaction with other national and international oil companies, oil and gas service industry members, and industry associations working in the field of NORM management.
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NORM Management in the oil and gas industry - ScienceDirect
2012年10月1日 As the hazard of NORM in the oil and gas industry became internationally recognised, Saudi Aramco initiated a programme to identify the extent, form, and level of
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NORM Management in the oil and gas industry - SAGE
2020年1月28日 all aspects of NORM management that aim to enhance NORM monitoring; control of NORM-contaminated equipment; control of NORM waste handling and
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Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM)
(Updated April 2020) Radioactive materials which occur naturally and where human activities increase the exposure of people to ionising radiation are known by the acronym 'NORM'. NORM results from activities such as
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(PDF) Natural Occurring Radioactive Materials
2021年5月5日 Natural Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) in the oil and gas industry DOI: License CC BY-SA 4.0 Authors: Jamal Abdul Rahman Zaidan Abstract Radioactive materials which occur naturally...
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NOR N TE NATURAL GAS AND OL NDUSTRY - API
2023年3月22日 “NORM” IN THE NATURAL GAS AND OIL INDUSTRY FAST FACTS: In the U.S., NORM-specific regulation is delegated to individual state authorities, with
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Characteristics of NORM in the oil industry from Eastern and
2001年7月1日 NORM wastes associated with oil and gas operations from scale deposits, separated sludge and water at different oil fields in the eastern and western deserts were
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NORM Management in the oil and gas industry - SAGE
2012年10月1日 International Association of Oil Gas Producers (OGP), Guidelines for the management of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) in the oil gas
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NORM Management in the Oil Gas Industry - AIP Publishing
2008年8月7日 It has been established that Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) accumulates at various locations along the oil/gas production process.
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Characterization of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM ...
2020年8月3日 The presence of NORM in the oil and gas industry has been reported earlier by various authors [1,2,3,4,5]. The source of NORM are radionuclides and particularly
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Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM)
NORM in the oil and gas industry poses a problem to workers particularly during maintenance, waste transport and processing, and decommissioning. ... (from rutile and ilmenite), though thorium, tin and the rare earth
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Risk Based Marine Impact Assessment of NORM and Hg
The project is framed around three problem statements in which the Australian oil and gas industry are seeking to: ... Improve its tools and procedures for measuring mercury and NORM associated with equipment/infrastructure in situ to inform decommissioning decisions and long-term monitoring objectives.This literature review is structured by ...
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NORM Awareness in the Oil and Gas Industry
NORM and TENORM on Oil and Gas Sites. NORM and TENORM are most commonly encountered when production of crude oil leaves deposits inside production, processing and transportation equipment. NORM can collect
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[PDF] An overview of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM ...
1992年12月1日 Oil and gas extraction and processing operations sometimes accumulate naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) at concentrations above normal in by-product waste streams. Results from NORM surveys indicate that radionuclide concentrations can be quite variable, ranging from undetectable to extremely high levels.
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Characterization of the TE-NORM waste associated with oil and natural ...
2005年1月1日 The waste generated in oil and gas equipment is due to the precipitation of alkaline earth metals as sulfate, carbonates and/or silicates. Nuclear spectroscopic analysis showed that the main radionuclides present in TE-NORM waste associated with petroleum industries are 238 U, 235 U and 232 Th series.
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Managing Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material
2022年11月15日 1.5 Accumulation of NOR in oil and gas production 13 1.6 NOR in oil and gas industry products 15 1.7 NOR oil and gas industry – liquid waste streams 16 1.8 NOR in oil and gas industry – solid waste streams 18 1.9 NOR in oil and gas industry – sludge and scrapings 19 1.10 Discharge to the environment 20 2. Health hazards of NORM 22
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Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials
2016年1月1日 The presence of TENORM in the oil and gas industry has been known for over a century but its impacts on health, safety and the environment have not been closely assessed. ... Characterization of the TE-NORM waste associated with oil and natural gas production in Abu Rudeis, Egypt. J. Environ. Radioact. (2005) J.M. Godoy et al.
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(PDF) Characterization of the TE-NORM waste associated with oil
2005年2月1日 On the other hand El Afifi et al. [24] was recorded high levels activity concentration for 238 U, 232 Th and 40 K in the TE-NORM waste at four different sites for petroleum and gas production in ...
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NORM measurements in the oil and gas industry in Argentina
The oil and gas industry, which is especially significant in Argentina, is one industry that concentrates natural radionuclides during its processes. The Nuclear Regulatory Authority of Argentina (ARN) carried out a project with the objective of evaluating NORM, mainly in this type of industry. Seven facilities were characterized, three of them related to the gas
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(PDF) TE-NORM Radiological Impact and Radiation Protection in Oil
2021年1月13日 However, concerns about the possible associated health risks did not arise until the mid-1980s, when the industry and regulators realized that NORM occurrence was more widespread than originally ...
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NORM Management in the Oil and Gas Industry - OSTI.GOV
2008年8月7日 @article{osti_21152467, title = {NORM Management in the Oil and Gas Industry}, author = {Cowie, Michael and Mously, Khalid and Fageeha, Osama and Nassar, Rafat}, abstractNote = {It has been established that Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) accumulates at various locations along the oil/gas production process.
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Characterization of the TE-NORM waste associated with oil
2005年1月1日 The waste generated in oil and gas equipment is due to the precipitation of alkaline earth metals as sulfate, carbonates and/or silicates. Nuclear spectroscopic analysis showed that the main radionuclides present in TE-NORM waste associated with petroleum industries are 238 U, 235 U and 232 Th series. The mineralogical analysis by X-ray ...
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Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) in
1999年10月12日 of oil-field NORM in the United States, briefly reviews the status of NORM regulations, and identifies some health and environ- mental issues associated with oil-field NORM. Location of Oil-Field NORM in the United States Deposits of oil are found in 30 States, but the vast majority (86 percent) of onshore oil production is concentrated in Texas,
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(PDF) Natural Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) in the oil
2021年5月5日 Analyses of NORM from many different oil and gas fields show that the solids found in the downhole and surface structures of oil and gas production facilities do not include 238U and 232Th. gas ...
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Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials ...
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) resulting from the 232 Th and 238 U-series can be concentrated and accumulated in tubing and surface equipment in the form of scale and sludge as a consequence of physical and chemical processes associated with the oil and gas industry (IAEA 2003; Jonkers et al. 1997).
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Treatment of NORM contaminated soil from the oilfields
2014年3月1日 The method was successfully used for separation of radium from NORM scale samples from the petroleum industry; sufficient volume reduction of NORM waste was achieved. The obtained 226 Ra solution was purified using two separation methods. The dissolution method can be of great interest in the development of radiochemical analysis
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Geochemical signature of NORM waste in Brazilian oil and gas industry ...
2018年9月1日 These relations and resulting equations for each oil NORM waste may serve as geochemical signature of the reservoirs and so indicate the location of the NORM. Fig. 1 shows clearly that most of the oil NORM waste samples from the four oil fields plot in different areas when modeling. Conclusions. The conclusions can be summarized as
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Ecotoxicological effects of decommissioning offshore petroleum ...
2021年5月7日 1.1. Decommissioning of oil and gas infrastructure. Since the commencement of the modern offshore oil and gas industry in the Gulf of Mexico in 1947, there has been an increase in the exploitation of seafloor petroleum resources to meet the growing global demand for energy (Aagaard-Sørensen et al., Citation 2018).Recently, it
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NORM Management in the Oil Gas Industry - ResearchGate
2008年4月15日 The occurrence of radioactive scales in oil gas production facilities is a major concern for the petroleum industry. Activities exceeding 1KBq/g 226 Ra and 30KBq/g 210 Pb have been reported in ...
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NORM Management in the Oil Gas Industry - IAEA
2011年7月12日 NORM management strategy and its goals of establishing common guidance throughout the oil and gas industry. 1. Introduction Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) is a by-product waste of oil production and its presence in pipelines, plant and machinery may cause restriction of operability and potential radiological health
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